The Concept of Science in Islamic Civilization the Case Psychology and Behavior Sciences

Islamic civilization formed in context of behavioral changing and explaining human behavior in many medieval teachings led to emergence of behavioral science and psychology. Present study proved scientific approach of Islamic civilization to human behavioral research that it has illustrated concept of science in Islamic civilization. The capital of this change in behavior of nations is emergence of human phenomena called Prophet’s everyday life. Writing daily life has been common issue of world civilizations since ancient times. This religious phenomenon of Prophetic usage effected on attitude, hygiene which explained in various schools of religious psychology and social psychology, including Gestalt school. The writing of life style of Prophet led to establishment science in Islamic civilization entitled Knowledge of everyday life of Prophet because general phenomenon of character of Mohammad’s daily life is like a symphony that has organized behavior of Islamic societies for centuries. The subject of this science is perfect human behavior, which is intuitively understandable to human societies. And it can be considered starting point of knowledge of Islamic behaviorism in Middle Ages. Because this generality exists alongside any partial behavior of Prophet. Within framework of Aristotle’s book on the soul Philosophers produced theoretical foundations of Islamic psychology and behaviorism. Alpharabius, Avicenna on soul and its belonging to body and neuroscience of these communications and his research on human sensory perceptions and physical connection of soul and essential place of prophecy in its completion. Islamic behavioral sciences refer to initiatives of Islamic societies.


Historical and Theoretical Introduction
The concept of science in civilization from Greek civilization to Islamic civilization Inductive study of the teachings is Aristotle's initiative in the history of science. The way of thinking in Islamic civilization has been formed with a tendency towards Aristotle. The concept of science in Islamic civilization is the same as the concept of science in Greek civilization. It is on this basis that Aristotle was called the first human teacher in the history of science in ancient times due to his special tendency in the inductive division of sciences and knowledge. And Aristotelian philosophy has remained an active force in the method and concept of science to this day. Alpharabius was named the second teacher of science for sharing Aristotle's method. His classification of sciences is based on Aristotle's Book of Soul, which is first classic book on human behavior and it is theoretical basis of behavioral science in history of science.

Psychology and behavioral sciences in Islamic civilization
Behavioral Sciences, which deals with the nature of human individual and social behavior, began with Aristotle's book of soul and Plato's teachings about the soul and individual and social behavior of the citizen in the city. The classical form of defining the science of behavior and its place in the history of science is the product of Islamic civilization and was presented by Farabi's second teacher [1][2][3][4][5]. By combining Aristotle's and Plato's views on the soul, he has divided science into five categories. and fifth branch is science of behavior, which Farabi referred to as civil science.
Explaining this branch of science, Farabi has spoken about the word Abstract Islamic civilization formed in context of behavioral changing and explaining human behavior in many medieval teachings led to emergence of behavioral science and psychology. Present study proved scientific approach of Islamic civilization to human behavioral research that it has illustrated concept of science in Islamic civilization. The capital of this change in behavior of nations is emergence of human phenomena called Prophet's everyday life. Writing daily life has been common issue of world civilizations since ancient times. This religious phenomenon of Prophetic usage effected on attitude, hygiene which explained in various schools of religious psychology and social psychology, including Gestalt school. The writing of life style of Prophet led to establishment science in Islamic civilization entitled Knowledge of everyday life of Prophet because general phenomenon of character of Mohammad's daily life is like a symphony that has organized behavior of Islamic societies for centuries. The subject of this science is perfect human behavior, which is intuitively understandable to human societies.
And it can be considered starting point of knowledge of Islamic behaviorism in Middle Ages. Because this generality exists alongside any partial behavior of Prophet. Within framework of Aristotle's book on the soul Philosophers produced theoretical foundations of Islamic psychology and behaviorism. Alpharabius, Avicenna on soul and its belonging to body and neuroscience of these communications and his research on human sensory perceptions and physical connection of soul and essential place of prophecy in its completion. Islamic behavioral sciences refer to initiatives of Islamic societies.

Following perfect man in Islam and Christianity in medieval
The most Common denominator of Islam and Christianity in medieval is the need to follow perfect man to achieve happiness. At He said the prophet has no mission as health and medical orders but His mission has been to communicate jurisprudence, sharia, and the laws of religion. Therefore, reader of these studies and similar cases should always realize that he is researching in the context of historical knowledge. One of the behaviors of misguided and ignorant societies is the struggle for survival over water, food, housing, clothing, and material necessities. Farabi has returned the root of society's behavior to the innate, inherent of human being. This theory on the behavior of societies was repeated by seven centuries later [17].

Materials and Methods, Heritage Of Islamic Dating Material in Medieval
he has identified the material cause of the struggle for survival with the inherent selfishness of man [18], the historical induction into the minds of philosophers before Farabi and after Hobbes and philosophers between the two, the analysis and explanation of the behavior of societies depends on a psychological theory of human nature, and the behavior of societies is subject to the self and psyche of human individuals. Societal behavior is a function of one's self and psyche [19].

Hygiene from prophet to averroes
There are in history of Islamic civilization in medieval The Prophet's teachings on mental health and body and social behaviors culminated in five centuries by Ibn Rushd in his book in medicine "general in medicine", (al-Koliyaat fi tab) "that is final version of Islamic medicine in medieval and and it was Ibn Rushd's medical encyclopedia of medicine that studied in Europe until nineteenth century in Europe, which was called Colgate( Hunkke,….). It is dedicated to the evolution of the teachings of the Prophet. More than a hundred treatises on health and hygiene were written from the time of the Prophet to Ibn Rushd. These works begun with work of Prophet's close successors such as who compiled in his book Islamic health education in the framework of the science of nutrition and medicine [20][21][22][23][24].

Divisions and Types of Hygiene in Prophet's Hygiene and Health
The Prophet's medical heritage shows that he drew the right pattern for a social and individual hygiene and person's health behavior. The focus of his teachings is cleanliness and hygiene. In  Europe through Arabic literature and Islamic and Iranian teachings, and it is an Islamic paradigm. Therefore the most important aspect of this research paper is originality of psychology in Islam civilization [27][28][29][30].

Conclusion
The Prophet's tradition is capital of human and social attitudes, and social psychologists consider attitude to be the symbol of three components: cognitive, emotional, and behavioral function.
Attitudes help us to understand our surroundings and to express our values through function (and the function of self-defense. No on e has ever been able to find a better alternative to Muhammad's lifestyle to determine human behavior, and all efforts have been in vain because one of essential purposes of Prophet's behaviors and traditions is to provide a solid foundation for good human behavior.
For centuries, some philosophers have tried, like, to find new ethics based on biology and other sciences.