Soft Robotics is emerging fresh sub field in Robotics which
is very useful in medical, industry, space exploration, deep sea
exploration, Nano-robotics and many more likewise applications.
The major benefit of Soft Robots as compare to Rigid Robots their
excellent flexibility and adaptability to accomplish task. Before to
move further I would like to state Soft or Continuum Robots first
“Soft Robots are small, medium and big shapes various biological
or non-biological body forms robots which are made up using
ultra soft and flexible materials, where materials are engineered
using Continuum Mechanics and Kinematics”. The big difference
between conventional rigid robots and soft robots, in rigid robotics
intelligence engineered using AI only to control robotics body, but in
soft robotics the materials using which robots has made themselves
smart and has intelligence, sensations and actuations. Therefore,
Soft Robots can also learn from surrounding environment in
self mode as well as has greater flexibility in clutching, climbing,
moving, defending etc. why this happen? This would be question in
your mind let me answer it why this happen. Because Soft Robotics
constructed with highly compliant materials similar those originate
and found in living organisms and creatures on planet earth. Hence
Soft Robotics build up using material morphology and Continuum
Mechanics, it’s a mechanics that deal with the analysis of kinematics
and mechanical behaviour of materials modeled as continuous
mass rather than discrete particles, therefore Soft Robotics also
called as “Continuum Robotics”. These robots constructed using
Biological materials, Biophotonics materials, Conductive polymers,
Biochemical materials, Nanomaterials, Nanocomposites, Synthetic
Biology, Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) and Smart Materials, DLC,
Carbon having high young modulus and so on. In conclusion better
to say Smart Materials are the building blocks of Soft/Continuum
Robots, where smart materials can be defined as “Materials which
has ability to sense some environmental stimuli, process and
actuate (Response) according to sensation”. Hence Soft Robots
need less Electronic AI as compare to Rigid Robots and less harmful
for human and environment as well as mimic and learn move and
adapt quickly from surrounding (Figure 1). In above figure I have
depicted some succeeded Soft Robots like Octobot world first ultrasoft
and flexible Soft Robots, Soft Robot Fish etc.
Soft or Continuum Robotic is fresh subfield in Robotics
technology where lot of research need to do bring it on next level.
This branch of robotics has its own different important and utility
along with conventional one and very useful in Deep Space, Medical,
Industry and Deep Sea research.